Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produktivitas: Analisis Mentoring, Coaching, Efikasi Diri dan Keterlibatan Kerja Pada Maskapai di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37849/midi.v25i1.461Keywords:
Mentoring dan Coaching, Efikasi Diri Dan Keterlibatan Kerja, Produktivitas, MaskapaiAbstract
Studi ini mensintesis bukti tentang faktor-faktor pengembangan sumber daya manusia yang membentuk produktivitas karyawan di maskapai penerbangan Indonesia, di mana produktivitas berlandaskan pada efisiensi biaya, kinerja tepat waktu (OTP), keselamatan, dan kualitas layanan. Dengan menggunakan tinjauan pustaka sistematis, kami menyaring studi dan e-book (2017–2025) dari basis data utama. Inklusi mensyaratkan relevansi dengan mentoring, pembinaan, efikasi diri, keterlibatan kerja, atau produktivitas dalam lingkungan organisasi, terutama di bidang penerbangan. Studi yang memenuhi syarat dideduplikasi dan disintesis melalui analisis komparatif dan tematik.
Temuan menunjukkan efek positif yang konsisten dari mentoring dan pembinaan terhadap indikator produktivitas individu—volume output, kualitas kerja, efisiensi waktu, dan penggunaan sumber daya. Efek ini diperkuat secara tidak langsung oleh mekanisme psikologis: efikasi diri mendukung penetapan tujuan, ketekunan, dan pengaturan diri, sementara keterlibatan kerja (semangat, dedikasi, penyerapan) beroperasi sebagai pendorong kinerja proksimal. Bukti khusus untuk maskapai penerbangan Indonesia masih terfragmentasi, dengan sedikit studi yang menguji keempat faktor secara bersamaan. Kami mengusulkan kerangka kerja terpadu yang di dalamnya mentoring dan coaching berfungsi sebagai enabler yang meningkatkan efikasi diri dan keterlibatan, sehingga meningkatkan produktivitas dan KPI operasional (misalnya, OTP, turnaround, jam kerja bebas insiden, keluhan). Secara praktis, kami merekomendasikan mentoring terstruktur dan coaching manajerial—pencocokan mentor-mentee, tujuan SMART, dan umpan balik yang jelas—bersama program-program yang menumbuhkan efikasi diri dan keterlibatan yang dipantau dengan instrumen tervalidasi (misalnya, UWES). Tinjauan ini menawarkan agenda berbasis mekanisme yang menghubungkan pengembangan sumber daya manusia dengan peningkatan produktivitas yang terukur.
References
Ali, H., Candra Susanto, P., & Saputra, F. (2024). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Manajemen Transportasi Udara: Teknologi Informasi, Infrastruktur dan Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia. *Jurnal Siber Transportasi Dan Logistik, 1*(4), 121–134.
Arifin, Z., Husein, M. N., Jihadi, M., Rini, P. H., Prasada, D., & Wijoyo, H. (2021). The Role Of Employees Engagement And Self-Efficacy On Employee Performance: An Empirical Study On Palm Oil Company. *Nat. Volatiles Essent. Oils, 8*(4), 10177–10190.
Aviles-Davila, A. F., Palacio, M. E. M., & Valle, C. D. G. (2023). Impact of Coaching on the Development of Personal and Social Competences among Secondary School Students. *Children, 10*(6), 1025.
Bulian, L., Čavar, I., & Mance, Z. (2022). “It’s Dangerous to Go Alone!“ Scientific Excellence of PhD Holders and Their Mentors – Network Analysis of Croatian Doctoral Students. *Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, 20*(4), 483–499. [https://doi.org/10.7906/indecs.20.4.12](https://doi.org/10.7906/indecs.20.4.12)
Chan, A., Yeh, C. J., & Krumboltz, J. D. (2015). Mentoring Ethnic Minority Counseling and Clinical Psychology Students: A Multicultural, Ecological, and Relational Model. *Journal of Counseling Psychology, 62*(4), 592–607. [https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000079](https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000079)
Christianto, R. D. P. (2021). The influence of servant leadership and employee compensation on employee engagement through employee job satisfaction as an intervening variable at PT Indonesia Power Suralaya Power Generation Unit. *J. Bus. Behav. Entrep., 5*(2), 118–128.
Dewi, S. H., & Kuswinarno, M. (2024). Mentoring sebagai Sarana Pembelajaran: Studi Kualitatif tentang Efektivitas Program Mentoring dalam Pengembangan Karyawan Pabrik Kasur Desa Tulungagung. *Lokawati J. Penelit. Manaj. Dan Inov. Ris., 2*(4), 178–186.
Doyle, N., Gafni-Lachter, L., & Jacobs, K. (2019). Scoping Review of Mentoring Research in the Occupational Therapy Literature, 2002–2018. *Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 66*(5), 541–551. [https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1630.12579](https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1630.12579)
Eldor, L., Harpaz, I., & Westman, M. (2020). The work/nonwork spillover: The enrichment role of work engagement. *J. Leadersh. Organ. Stud., 27*(1), 21–34.
Fauzi, A., & Herminingsih, A. (2021). The Effect of Work Discipline, Motivation, and Compensation on Teacher Performance SMK Yuppentek 1 Tangerang. *Dinasti Int. J. Manag. Sci., 2*(4), 517–536.
Fauzi, F. A., & Yusran, H. L. (2022). Pengaruh Brand Experience Terhadap Purchase Intention Dimediasi Oleh Brand Attitude Pada Industri Penerbangan Indonesia Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. *Ijd-Demos, 4*(1). [https://doi.org/10.37950/ijd.v4i1.195](https://doi.org/10.37950/ijd.v4i1.195)
Fudalan, M. V., & Fudalan, E. R. V. (2019). University of Bohol Employees Work Engagement: Measuring Workplace Productivity. *University of Bohol Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 7*(1), 51–82. [https://doi.org/10.15631/ubmrj.v7i1.123](https://doi.org/10.15631/ubmrj.v7i1.123)
Gosnell, G. K., List, J. A., & Metcalfe, R. D. (2020a). The impact of management practices on employee productivity: A field experiment with airline captains. *J. Polit. Econ., 128*(4), 1195–1233.
Gosnell, G. K., List, J. A., & Metcalfe, R. D. (2020b). The impact of management practices on employee productivity: A field experiment with airline captains. *Journal of Political Economy, 128*(4), 1195–1233.
Hadi, P. (2023). The influence of self-efficacy on employee performance mediated by work motivation and work engagement. *International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), 12*(2), 653–661.
Hanaysha, J. R. (2016). Improving Employee Productivity Through Work Engagement: Evidence From Higher Education Sector. *Management Science Letters*, 61–70. [https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2015.11.006](https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2015.11.006)
Hartono, H., Susanto, P. C., & Hermawan, M. A. (2020). Personel Aviation Security Menjaga Keamanan Di Bandar Udara. *Aviasi J. Ilm. Kedirgant., 16*(2), 14–21.
Hidayati, N. (2023). Pengaruh Prestasi Coaching, Konseling, dan Mentoring Terhadap Kinerja Guru Penggerak Angkatan II di Kabupaten Kebumen. *Media Manaj. Pendidik., 6*(1), 43–55.
Hidayatullah, A., & Tjahjawati, S. S. (2018). Pengaruh Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan. *Jurnal Riset Bisnis Dan Investasi, 3*(2), 104. [https://doi.org/10.35697/jrbi.v3i2.938](https://doi.org/10.35697/jrbi.v3i2.938)
Indriyani, N., Ali, E., Rio, U., & Rahmaddeni, R. (2020). Menentukan Kualitas Pelayanan Maskapai Penerbangan Domestik Dengan Menggunakan Metode Naïve Bayes. *Satin - Sains Dan Teknologi Informasi, 6*(1), 37–44. [https://doi.org/10.33372/stn.v6i1.605](https://doi.org/10.33372/stn.v6i1.605)
Jamillah, K., Hana Setyanti, S. W. L., & Mufidah, A. (2023). The Effect Of Work Life Balance And Self Efficacy On Employee Performance With Employee Engagement As Intervening Variable. *J. Econ. Financ. Manag. Stud., 6*(1), 304–312.
Kalbuana, N., Abdusshomad, A., & Kurnianto, B. (2024). Mekanisme Corporate Governance Pada Maskapai Penerbangan Di Indonesia. *Jiip - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 7*(4), 3753–3759. [https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v7i4.4116](https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v7i4.4116)
Khalik, A., Musyaffa, A. A., & Ali, H. (2021). The Effect of Leadership Style on Productivity through Teacher Motivation in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Jambi City. *Linguist. Antverp., 3*, 1132–1146.
Li, Y., Liu, Z., Lan, J., Ji, M., Li, Y., Yang, S., & You, X. (2021). The influence of self-efficacy on human error in airline pilots: The mediating effect of work engagement and the moderating effect of flight experience. *Current Psychology, 40*, 81–92.
Lusiferina, D. A. U., & Sudiro, A. N. (2023). The mediating role of employee engagement in the relationship between self-efficacy and organizational support on employee performance. *Int. J. Res. Bus. Soc. Sci. (2147-4478), 12*(5), 151–163.*
Lv, A. (2024). Incentive Mechanisms, Work Engagement, and Productivity of Higher Education Teachers in China: Basis for Faculty Development Plan. *International Journal of Research Studies in Management, 12*(4). [https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsm.2024.1044](https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsm.2024.1044)
Mahaputra, M. R., & Saputra, F. (2021). Literature Review the Effect of Headmaster Leadership on Teacher Performance, Loyalty and Motivation. *J. Account. Financ. Manag., 2*(2), 103–113.
Maharani, D., Nurmala, R., & Saori, S. (2024). Pengaruh Efikasi Diri dan Kerjasama Tim terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan. *Perform. J. Bisnis Akunt., 14*(2), 151–161.
Mahendra, G. S. (2021). Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Menggunakan Metode FUCOM-MOORA Untuk Penentuan Maskapai Favorit. *Sistemasi, 10*(3), 562. [https://doi.org/10.32520/stmsi.v10i3.1386](https://doi.org/10.32520/stmsi.v10i3.1386)
Mardiah, M., & Fahmawati, Z. N. (2023). Psychological Capital dan Work Engagement: Kontribusi Hope, Optimism, Resilience dan Efficacy terhadap Work Engagement. *J. Mhs. BK An-Nur Berbeda, Bermakna, Mulia, 9*(3), 239–249.
Maylida, G., & Soemadi, R. R. A. (2025). The Influence Of Work Environment, Rest Quality, And Financial Compensation On Flight Attendant Performance At PT. Citilink Indonesia. *International Journal of Accounting, Management, Economics and Social Sciences (IJAMESC), 3*(2), 628–637.*
Meqdadi, O., Johnsen, T. E., Johnsen, R. E., & Salmi, A. (2020). Monitoring and mentoring strategies for diffusing sustainability in supply networks. *Supply Chain Manag. An Int. J., 25*(6), 729–746.*
Munir, M., & Arifin, S. (2021). The Influence of Work Motivation and Self-Efficacy on Employee Performance. *J. Simki Econ., 4*(2), 142–149.*
Murad, A. A., Lubis, A., Rakhmanita, A., & Munizu, M. (2024). Analysis Of The Influence Of Work Environment And Learning Culture On Employees’ Work Commitment In National Airline Company Garuda Indonesia. *JEMSI (Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Dan Akuntansi), 10*(2), 1079–1083.*
Nazifah, L. (2023). Pengaruh Coaching dan Mentoring terhadap Kualifikasi Kelulusan Pelatihan Dasar CPNS Guru SD. *J. Holistika, 5*(1), 17.*
Nugraha, K. W., & Wardhani, E. N. K. (2022). The Effect of Managerial Coaching, Person-Job Fit, and Motivation Toward Employee Performance. *Own. Ris. J. Akunt., 6*(3), 2899–2911.*
Okazaki, E., Nishi, D., Susukida, R., Inoue, A., Shimazu, A., & Tsutsumi, A. (2019). Association Between Working Hours, Work Engagement, and Work Productivity in Employees: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Japanese Study of Health, Occupation, and Psychosocial Factors Relates Equity. *Journal of Occupational Health, 61*(2), 182–188. [https://doi.org/10.1002/1348-9585.12023](https://doi.org/10.1002/1348-9585.12023)
Rambembuoch, C. G., Nelwan, O. S., & Uhing, Y. (2023). Pengaruh Keterlibatan Pegawai dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Produktivitas Kerja dengan Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada Karyawan Balai Gunung Tumpa. *J. EMBA J. Ris. Ekon. Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akunt., 11*(1), 537–548.*
Ridwan, A., et al. (2024). Instructional leadership and teacher self-efficacy on job satisfaction: The mediating effect of school climate in Indonesian Islamic senior high schools. *J. Ilm. Ilmu Terap. Univ. Jambi, 8*(2), 732–745.*
Rosa, A., & Lace, N. (2021). Assessment of the Impact of Coaching on a Company’s Performance: A Review of Methods. *J. Open Innov. Technol. Mark. Complex., 7*(4), 233.*
Rukmini, E., Puspadewi, N., & Hariadi, N. I. (2017). Mentoring for Senior Preclinical Medical Students in a Faculty of Medicine. *Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia, 6*(1), 20. [https://doi.org/10.22146/jpki.25360](https://doi.org/10.22146/jpki.25360)
Saepudin, T. H., Wicaksono, A. P., Yuntina, L., & Rustiawan, I. (2024). Antecedents of Employee Performance and Employee Engagement in Sector Airlines: Library Research. *Siber Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary, 2*(1), 8–25. [https://doi.org/10.38035/sjam.v2i1](https://doi.org/10.38035/sjam.v2i1)*
Saleem, F., Malik, M. I., Qureshi, S. S., Farid, M. F., & Qamar, S. (2021). Technostress and Employee Performance Nexus During COVID-19: Training and Creative Self-Efficacy as Moderators. *Front. Psychol., 12*(October), 1–16.*
Santika, E. F. (2024). Jumlah Penumpang Pesawat Domestik dan Internasional Meroket per April 2024. [https://databoks.katadata.co.id/transportasi-logistik/statistik/58cea9149977264/jumlah-penumpang-pesawat-domestik-dan-internasional-meroket-per-april-2024](https://databoks.katadata.co.id/transportasi-logistik/statistik/58cea9149977264/jumlah-penumpang-pesawat-domestik-dan-internasional-meroket-per-april-2024)
Saputra, F., & Mahaputra, M. R. (2022a). Building Occupational Safety and Health (K3): Analysis of the Work Environment and Work Discipline. *J. Law Polit. Humanit., 2*(3), 105–114.*
Saputra, F., & Mahaputra, M. R. (2022b). Effect of job satisfaction, employee loyalty and employee leadership style (human resource literature study). *Dinasti International Journal of Management Science, 3*(4), 762–772.*
Saputra, R., Mahaputra, M. R., Saputra, F., & Mahaputra, M. R. (2023). Analisis Penerapan Artificial Intelligence terhadap Produktivitas Perusahaan Media Informasi. *J. Pendidik. Siber Nusant., 1*(2), 91–96.*
Saputro, R., Aima, M. H., & Elmi, F. (2020). Effect of Work Stress and Work Load on Burnout and Its Implementation in Turnover Intention Erha Clinic Branch Office (Bogor, Depok and Mangga Besar). *Dinasti Int. J. Manag. Sci., 1*(3), 362–379.*
Setiawan, S. R. D. (2025). 10 Maskapai Paling Tepat Waktu di Asia Pasifik 2024, Ada Garuda Indonesia. [https://money.kompas.com/read/2025/01/03/161933026/10-maskapai-paling-tepat-waktu-di-asia-pasifik-2024-ada-garuda-indonesia?page=all](https://money.kompas.com/read/2025/01/03/161933026/10-maskapai-paling-tepat-waktu-di-asia-pasifik-2024-ada-garuda-indonesia?page=all)
Sewsankar, G., & Loewenberger, P. (2024). A Comparative Analysis of Leadership Styles on Organisational Performance in the Airline Industry. *International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT)*, 2724–2743.
Sherenn, P., Kalangi, J. B., & Gunawan, E. M. (2023). Analisis Coaching dan Mentoring terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di Lotte Grosir Manado. *EMBA, 11*(1), 1253–1260.*
Sirait, G. M. (2023). Pengaruh Coaching dan Work Engagement terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan Bank Central Asia KCU Kelapa Gading. *Transaksi, 15*(1), 27–38.*
Susanto, P. C. (2021). Coaching and Mentoring Education to Improve the Competence of Final-Semester Students. *Proc. Int. Conf. Educ. Od Suryakencana 2023*, 321–326.*
Susanto, P. C. (2022). Employee engagement strategy: Analysis of organizational commitment, compensation, career development. *International Conference of Humanities and Social Science (ICHSS)*, 96–103.*
Susanto, P. C., Arini, D. U., Yuntina, L., & Panatap, J. (2024). Konsep Penelitian Kuantitatif: Populasi, Sampel, dan Analisis Data (Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka). *J. Ilmu Manaj., 3*(1), 1–12.*
Susanto, P. C., Pahala, Y., Hartono, H., & Saroni, S. (2021). Proses Handling Barang Berbahaya di Bandar Udara. *Aviasi J. Ilm. Kedirgant., 17*(1), 45–53.*
Susanto, P. C., & Sawitri, N. N. (2022). Coaching, Mentoring, Leadership Transformation and Employee Engagement: A Review of the Literature. *Dinasti Int. J. Educ. Manag. Soc. Sci., 4*(2), 297–308.*
Susanto, P. C., Sawitri, N. N., Ali, H., & Rony, Z. T. (2023). Employee Performance and Talent Management Impact Increasing Construction Company Productivity. *Int. J. Psychol. Heal. Sci., 1*(4), 1–9.*
Susanto, P. C., Setiawan, H. A., Yandi, A., & Putri, A. (2024). Analysis Servant Leadership, Competence, and Motivation on Performance Employee: Study Literature Review. *Greenation Int. J. Law Soc. Sci., 1*(3), 114–123.*
Susanto, P. C., Simarmata, J., Febrian, W. D., Wahdiniawati, S. A., & Suryawan, R. F. (2024). Analysis of Coaching, Organizational Culture, and Performance Appraisal of Employee Productivity in High School: Literature Review. *Dinasti Int. J. Educ. Manag. Soc. Sci., 5*(2), 83–91.*
Susanto, P. C., Supardi, S., Suhendra, A., Soeprapto, A., & Saepudin, T. H. (2024). Productivity employee: Analysis of employee behavior, competence, task performance, and work motivation. *Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management (DIJDBM), 5*(5).*
Wahdiniawati, S. A., & Sarinastiti, N. (2023). Employee Development: Analysis Organization Culture, Competence and Mentoring: A Literature Review. *Int. J. Bus. Appl. Econ., 2*(2), 295–308.*
Wahid, M., Surya, M., Thoranya, E. C., & Sihombing, S. (2023). Analisis Data Keterlambatan Penerbangan Lion Air: Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi, Cuaca, dan Strategi Pengurangan. *J. Siber Transp. Dan Logistik, 1*(3), 116–123.*
Widayat, T. A., Arafah, W., & Anggiani, S. (2024). The Influence of Self-Efficacy, Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills on the Organizational Performance of the Ministry of Transportation, Mediated by Personnel Competence, Graduates of Indonesian Aviation Higher Vocational Education. *International Journal of Social Service and Research, 4*(3), 937–945. [https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v4i03.752](https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v4i03.752)*
Widiyarini, W., Johan, R. S., Septariani, D., & Asikin, I. (2023). Pengaruh Safety dan On Time Performance terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan (Studi Kasus pada Maskapai Batik Air). *J. Ilm. Wahana Pendidik., 9*(21), 884–887.*
Widodo, D. S. (2021). Determination of Employee Resign Decision: Corporate Culture and Career Development. *Journal of Accounting and Finance Management, 2*(5), 242–248.*
Zhu, F. (2023). Work Engagement, Employee Empowerment and Work Performance Among Salesmen in China: Basis for Enhanced Employee Productivity Model. *International Journal of Research Studies in Management, 11*(5). [https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsm.2023.1052](https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsm.2023.1052)*
Zulkarnain, A., Prasojo, G. L., Prayitno, H., Efendi, E., & Widayat, T. A. (2023). Strategi Membangun Kepercayaan Publik Bidang Transportasi Udara terhadap Maskapai Penerbangan di Indonesia. *Skyhawk Jurnal Aviasi Indonesia, 3*(2), 235–243. [https://doi.org/10.52074/skyhawk.v3i2.127](https://doi.org/10.52074/skyhawk.v3i2.127)*
Zyahwa, S. A., Andayanie, E., & AP, A. R. A. (2024). Hubungan Penerapan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) dengan Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan Bagian Instalasi pada PT. Sinergi Gula Nusantara Pabrik Gula Takalar. *Window of Public Health Journal, 5*(2), 302–310. [https://doi.org/10.33096/woph.v5i2.1166](https://doi.org/10.33096/woph.v5i2.1166)*
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Esti Liana, Primadi Candra Susanto, Devi Marlita, Sri Handayani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
